{"id":8641,"date":"2026-05-30T09:07:32","date_gmt":"2026-05-30T07:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/?post_type=approfondimento&#038;p=8641"},"modified":"2026-10-03T21:17:25","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T19:17:25","slug":"mudras-bouddhiques-geste-doctrine-presence","status":"publish","type":"approfondimento","link":"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/approfondimenti-tematici\/mudras-bouddhiques-geste-doctrine-presence\/","title":{"rendered":"Les mudras dans la sculpture bouddhique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les mudras sont des gestes des mains auxquels les traditions bouddhiques attribuent des significations conventionnelles. Leur lecture aide \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre des \u00e9pisodes de la vie du Bouddha, des actes d\u2019enseignement et des fonctions d\u00e9votionnelles.<\/p>\n<p>Dans l\u2019abhaya mudra, la main est lev\u00e9e, la paume tourn\u00e9e vers le spectateur : le geste exprime l\u2019apaisement et l\u2019absence de peur. Dans le dhyana mudra, les mains reposent dans le giron en position de m\u00e9ditation. Dans le bhumisparsha mudra, la main droite descend vers le sol, \u00e9voquant le t\u00e9moignage de la terre au moment de l\u2019\u00e9veil. Le dharmachakra mudra est associ\u00e9 \u00e0 la mise en mouvement de la roue du Dharma, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e0 l\u2019enseignement.<\/p>\n<p>Ces conventions pr\u00e9sentent des variantes. Un geste s\u2019interpr\u00e8te avec la posture, les attributs et les \u00e9ventuelles figures d\u2019accompagnement. Dans les \u0153uvres fragmentaires, la perte des doigts ou d\u2019une main peut emp\u00eacher une identification certaine. D\u00e9crire les \u00e9l\u00e9ments conserv\u00e9s et distinguer les restaurations modernes constitue une premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape vers une interpr\u00e9tation fiable.<\/p>\n<p>La <a href=\"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/opere\/main-buddha-gandhara-pakistan\/\">main gandharienne en schiste du IIe si\u00e8cle<\/a>, document\u00e9e dans les archives Dalton Somar\u00e9, montre comment paume et doigts rendent l\u2019abhaya mudra lisible m\u00eame dans un fragment isol\u00e9. Le rapprochement avec le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/opere\/image-buddha-cachemire\/\">Buddha debout du Cachemire du IXe si\u00e8cle<\/a> replace le geste dans une figure : la main droite est lev\u00e9e, tandis que la gauche retient le v\u00eatement. La m\u00eame convention s\u2019int\u00e8gre ainsi dans diff\u00e9rentes constructions du corps et diff\u00e9rents mat\u00e9riaux.<\/p>\n<p>Dans le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/opere\/bodhisattva-padmapani-inde\/\">Padmapani Pala \u00e0 six bras<\/a>, une main accomplit le varada mudra tandis que les autres portent des attributs. Lire une figure aux membres multiples demande d\u2019observer leur disposition d\u2019ensemble : le geste du don, le lotus et les objets rituels se compl\u00e8tent dans un programme unitaire. L\u2019\u00e9tude des mudras comprend donc leur signification conventionnelle et leur r\u00f4le dans la composition, permettant de comparer les images au-del\u00e0 d\u2019un catalogue de positions des mains.<\/p>\n<h3>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences et comparaisons<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/smarthistory.org\/mudras-in-buddhist-art-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smarthistory, Mudras in Buddhist Art<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/72381\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Metropolitan Museum of Art, Seated Buddha, 2003.593.1<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<section class=\"dalton-related-insights\">\n<h3>Approfondissements associ\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/approfondimenti-tematici\/iconographie-buddha-lire-corps-eveille\/\">L\u2019iconographie du Bouddha<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/approfondimenti-tematici\/sculpture-bouddhique\/\">La sculpture bouddhique<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/approfondimenti-tematici\/art-gandhara\/\">L\u2019art du Gandhara<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les mudras sont des gestes des mains auxquels les traditions bouddhiques attribuent des significations conventionnelles. Leur lecture aide \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre des \u00e9pisodes de la vie du Bouddha, des actes d\u2019enseignement et des fonctions d\u00e9votionnelles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":9836,"menu_order":30,"template":"","area_approfondimento":[],"class_list":["post-8641","approfondimento","type-approfondimento","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mudras bouddhiques : geste, doctrine et pr\u00e9sence | Dalton Somar\u00e9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les mudras bouddhiques comme gestes codifi\u00e9s dans la lecture iconographique de la sculpture.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.daltonsomare.com\/fr\/approfondimenti-tematici\/mudra-buddhisti-iconografia-scultura\/\" 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